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La proclamación de la Segunda República también significó un intento de normalización de la política exterior española, cuya ausencia del gran tablero global repercutía negativamente en su economía y en su proyección internacional. Dentro de esta nueva dinámica diplomática, se situó el acercamiento hacia una URSS, cuyo reconocimiento oficial hasta entonces se había ignorado. No se trataba de ideología, sino de puros intereses: se trataba de acceder al petróleo y a las materias primas y de hallar nuevos mercados para unas exportaciones diezmadas por la crisis de los años treinta. Y, a ello, dedicaron sus esfuerzos gobiernos de todos los colores.
Sin embargo, el inicio de la guerra civil distorsionó, cuando no hizo olvidar interesadamente desde el franquismo, toda esta relación previa. Al no poder contar con la ayuda de las democracias contemporáneas, la República tuvo que fiarlo todo al apoyo soviético y este vínculo fue utilizado propagandísticamente por el bando sublevado. Es en este momento que surgen los mitos franquistas ?algunos de ellos retomados por el actual revisionismo? sobre la sovietización de España, sobre el oro de Moscú y sobre la supuesta voluntad de la Internacional Comunista de hacer suya la Península. Gracias a un ingente trabajo de archivo y a la localización nueva «evidencia primaria relevante de época» española y rusa, el reconocido historiador Ángel Viñas logra el libro definitivo sobre La República española en tiempos de Stalin , actualizando sus investigaciones previas sobre la financiación de la guerra, la ayuda soviética o el papel del presidente Juan Negrín e insiriéndolas en una ambiciosa y completa interpretación del periodo.
Angel Viñas
Ángel Viñas es doctor honoris causa por la Universidad de Alicante; hijo adoptivo de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria y Gran Cruz del Mérito Civil. Ha sido catedrático de la Universidad Complutense, asesor ejecutivo del ministro de Asuntos Exteriores y director de relaciones con América Latina y Asia, políticas multilaterales y de derechos humanos y ayuda a la democratización en la Comisión Europea; embajador de la UE ante Naciones Unidas; presidente de la Asociación Española de Historia Militar. Mantiene un blog de historia en: www.angelvinas.es
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